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# $Id: Encoder.pm,v 2.3 2013/09/14 07:51:59 dankogai Exp $
#
package Encode::Encoder;
use strict;
use warnings;
our $VERSION = do { my @r = ( q$Revision: 2.3 $ =~ /\d+/g ); sprintf "%d." . "%02d" x $#r, @r };

require Exporter;
our @ISA       = qw(Exporter);
our @EXPORT_OK = qw ( encoder );

our $AUTOLOAD;
use constant DEBUG => !!$ENV{PERL_ENCODE_DEBUG};
use Encode qw(encode decode find_encoding from_to);
use Carp;

sub new {
    my ( $class, $data, $encname ) = @_;
    unless ($encname) {
        $encname = Encode::is_utf8($data) ? 'utf8' : '';
    }
    else {
        my $obj = find_encoding($encname)
          or croak __PACKAGE__, ": unknown encoding: $encname";
        $encname = $obj->name;
    }
    my $self = {
        data     => $data,
        encoding => $encname,
    };
    bless $self => $class;
}

sub encoder { __PACKAGE__->new(@_) }

sub data {
    my ( $self, $data ) = @_;
    if ( defined $data ) {
        $self->{data} = $data;
        return $data;
    }
    else {
        return $self->{data};
    }
}

sub encoding {
    my ( $self, $encname ) = @_;
    if ($encname) {
        my $obj = find_encoding($encname)
          or confess __PACKAGE__, ": unknown encoding: $encname";
        $self->{encoding} = $obj->name;
        return $self;
    }
    else {
        return $self->{encoding};
    }
}

sub bytes {
    my ( $self, $encname ) = @_;
    $encname ||= $self->{encoding};
    my $obj = find_encoding($encname)
      or confess __PACKAGE__, ": unknown encoding: $encname";
    $self->{data} = $obj->decode( $self->{data}, 1 );
    $self->{encoding} = '';
    return $self;
}

sub DESTROY {    # defined so it won't autoload.
    DEBUG and warn shift;
}

sub AUTOLOAD {
    my $self = shift;
    my $type = ref($self)
      or confess "$self is not an object";
    my $myname = $AUTOLOAD;
    $myname =~ s/.*://;    # strip fully-qualified portion
    my $obj = find_encoding($myname)
      or confess __PACKAGE__, ": unknown encoding: $myname";
    DEBUG and warn $self->{encoding}, " => ", $obj->name;
    if ( $self->{encoding} ) {
        from_to( $self->{data}, $self->{encoding}, $obj->name, 1 );
    }
    else {
        $self->{data} = $obj->encode( $self->{data}, 1 );
    }
    $self->{encoding} = $obj->name;
    return $self;
}

use overload
  q("") => sub { $_[0]->{data} },
  q(0+) => sub { use bytes(); bytes::length( $_[0]->{data} ) },
  fallback => 1,
  ;

1;
__END__

=head1 NAME

Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder

=head1 SYNOPSIS

  use Encode::Encoder;
  # Encode::encode("ISO-8859-1", $data); 
  Encode::Encoder->new($data)->iso_8859_1; # OOP way
  # shortcut
  use Encode::Encoder qw(encoder);
  encoder($data)->iso_8859_1;
  # you can stack them!
  encoder($data)->iso_8859_1->base64;  # provided base64() is defined
  # you can use it as a decoder as well
  encoder($base64)->bytes('base64')->latin1;
  # stringified
  print encoder($data)->utf8->latin1;  # prints the string in latin1
  # numified
  encoder("\x{abcd}\x{ef}g")->utf8 == 6; # true. bytes::length($data)

=head1 ABSTRACT

B<Encode::Encoder> allows you to use Encode in an object-oriented
style.  This is not only more intuitive than a functional approach,
but also handier when you want to stack encodings.  Suppose you want
your UTF-8 string converted to Latin1 then Base64: you can simply say

  my $base64 = encoder($utf8)->latin1->base64;

instead of

  my $latin1 = encode("latin1", $utf8);
  my $base64 = encode_base64($utf8);

or the lazier and more convoluted

  my $base64 = encode_base64(encode("latin1", $utf8));

=head1 Description

Here is how to use this module.

=over 4

=item *

There are at least two instance variables stored in a hash reference,
{data} and {encoding}.

=item *

When there is no method, it takes the method name as the name of the
encoding and encodes the instance I<data> with I<encoding>.  If successful,
the instance I<encoding> is set accordingly.

=item *

You can retrieve the result via -E<gt>data but usually you don't have to 
because the stringify operator ("") is overridden to do exactly t