Roofing Terms
- A type of roof discoloration caused by
algae. Commonly called fungus growth.
- American Society for Testing and Materials.
A voluntary organization concerned with development of
consensus standards, testing procedures and specifications.
- A bituminous waterproofing agent applied
to roofing materials during manufacture.
- Asphalt plastic roofing cement
- An asphalt based cement used to bond
roofing materials. Also known as flashing cement or mastic;
should conform to AS TM D-4586.
- Fine mineral matter applied to the back
side of shingles to keep them from sticking.
- That portion of the flashing attached
to or resting on the deck to direct the flow of water
onto the roof covering.
- A package of shingles. There are 3, 4
or 5 bundles per square.
- The lower edge of the shingle tabs.
- To fill a joint with mastic or asphalt
cement to prevent leaks.
- See Asphalt plastic roofing cement.
- A line made on the roof by snapping a
taut string or cord dusted with chalk. Used for alignment
purposes.
- The highest fire-resistance rating for
roofing as per AS TM E-108. Indicates roofing is able
to withstand severe exposure to fire originating from
sources outside the building.
- Fire-resistance rating that indicates
roofing materials is able to withstand moderate exposure
to fire originating from sources outside the building.
- A method of valley treatment in which
shingles from one side of the valley extend across the
valley while shingles from the other side are trimmed
2 inches from the valley centerline. The valley flashing
is not exposed.
- A layer of viscous asphalt applied to
the base material into which granules or other surfacing
is embedded.
- Pre-formed flange placed over a vent
pipe to seal the roof around the vent pipe opening Also
called a vent sleeve.
- That portion of the flashing attached
to a vertical surface to prevent water from migrating
behind the base flashing.
- A row of shingles or roll roofing running
the length of the roof.
- Amount of weather protection provided
by the roofing material. Depends on number of layers
of material between the exposed surface of the roofing
and the deck; i.e., single coverage, double coverage,
etc.
- A peaked saddle construction at the back
of a chimney to prevent accumulation of snow and ice
and to deflect water around the chimney.
- The open portions of a strip shingle
between the tabs.
- The surface, installed over the supporting
framing members, to which the roofing is applied.
- A framed window unit projecting through
the sloping plane of a roof.
- A non-corrosive, non-staining material
used along the eaves and rakes to allow water run-off
to drip clear of underlying construction.
- The horizontal, lower edge of a sloped
roof.
Exposure
- That portion of the roofing exposed to
the weather after installation.
- Tapered wood filler strips placed along
the butts of old wood shingles to create a level surface
when reroofing over existing wood shingle roofs. Also
called horsefeathers.
- Fibrous material saturated with asphalt
and used as an underlayment of sheathing paper.
- An asphalt roofing base material manufactured
from glass fibers.
- Pieces of metal or roll roofing used
to prevent seepage of water into a building around any
intersection or projection in a roof such as vent pipes,
chimneys adjoining walls, dormers and valleys. Galvanized
metal flashing should be minimum 26-gauge.
- See asphalt plastic roofing cement.
-
See "algae discoloration."
- The upper portion of a side wall that
comes to a triangular point at the ridge of a sloping
roof.
- A type of roof containing sloping planes
of the same pitch on each side of the ridge. Contains
a gable at each end.
- A type of roof containing two sloping
planes of different pitch on each side of the ridge.
The lower plane has a steeper slope that the upper. Contains
a gable at each end.
- Ceramic-coated colored crushed rock that
is applied to the exposed surface of asphalt roofing
products.
- The trough that channels water from the
eaves to the down spouts.
- Shortest distance from the butt edge
of an overlapping shingle to the upper edge of a shingle
in the second course below. The triple coverage portion
of the top lap of strip shingles.
- The inclined external angle formed by
the intersection of two sloping roof planes. Runs from
the ridge to the eaves
- A type of roof containing sloping planes
of the same pitch on each of four sides. Contains no
gables.
- Shingles used to cover the inclined external
angle formed by the intersection of two sloping roof
planes.
- See feathering strips.
- Condition formed at the lower roof edge
by the thawing and re-freezing of melted snow on the
overhang. Can force water up and under shingles, causing
leaks.
- Individual shingles that mechanically
fasten to each other to provide wind resistance.
- Strip shingles containing more than one
layer of tabs to create extra thickness. Also called
three-dimensional shingles or architectural shingles.
- To cover the surface of one shingle or
roll with another. Low slope application - Method of
installing asphalt shingles on roof slopes between 2
and 4 inches per foot.
- A type of roof containing two sloping
planes of different pitch on each of four sides. The
lower plane has a much steeper pitch that the upper,
often approaching vertical. Contains no gables.
- See asphalt plastic roofing cement.
- A method of reroofing with new asphalt
shingles over old shingles in which the top edge of the
new shingle is butted against the bottom edge of the
existing shingle tab.
- Shingles consisting of a single solid
tab with no cut outs.
- Method of installing asphalt shingles
on roof slopes between 4 inches and 21 inches per foot
- Method of valley construction in which
shingles on both sides of the valley are trimmed along
a chalk line snapped on each side of the valley. Shingles
do not extend across the valley. Valley flashing is exposed.
- An asphalt roofing base material manufactured
from cellulose fibers.
- That portion of the roof structure that
extends beyond the exterior walls of a building.
- A one-piece base shingle with to which
overlay pads, consisting of an additional layer of asphalt
and granules, are applied in random patterns to simulate
two-piece laminated shingles.
- The degree of roof incline expressed
as the ratio of the rise, in feet, to the span, in feet.
- The supporting framing member immediately
beneath the deck, sloping from the ridge to the wall
plate.
- The inclined edge of a sloped roof over
a wall.
- Shingles on which tabs vary in size and
exposure.
- A plastic or paper strip that is applied
to the back of self-sealing shingles. This strip prevents
the shingles from sticking together in the bundles, and
need not be removed for application.
- The uppermost, horizontal external angle
formed by the intersection of two sloping roof planes.
- Shingles used to cover the horizontal
external angle formed by the intersection of two sloping
roof planes.
- Asphalt roofing products manufactured
in roll form.
- An asphalt-impregnated felt used as an
underlayment between the deck and the roofing material.
- Shingles containing factory-applied strips
or spots of self-sealing adhesive.
- Slight differences in shingle color that
may occur as a result of normal manufacturing operations.
- Exterior grade boards used as a roof
deck material.
- A roof containing only one sloping plane.
Has no hips, ridges, valleys or gables.
- The degree of roof incline expressed
as the ratio of the rise, in inches, to the run, in feet.
- The finished underside of the eaves.
- A vent pipe that penetrates the roof.
- A unit of roof measure covering 100 square
feet.
- Asphalt roofing applied at the eaves
that provides protection by filling in the spaces under
the cut outs and joints of the first course of shingles.
- Method of installing asphalt shingles
on roof slopes greater than 21 inches per foot.
- Flashing application method used where
a vertical surface meets a sloping roof plane.
- Asphalt shingles that are approximately
three times as long as they are wide.
- The exposed portion of strip shingles
defined by cut outs.
- A shingle distortion that may arise when
a new roof is applied over an uneven surface.
- Three-dimensional shingles
- See laminated shingles.
-
(also called "LAMINATE"): a top shingle
with sections cut away creating "tabs" of the remaining
shingle. This top portion is then laminated to a half
shingle which backs the exposed sections. The total
effect is multi-layered, dimensional appearance.
- Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.
- Label displayed on packaging to indicate
the level of fire and/or wind resistance of asphalt roofing.
- Asphalt saturated felt used beneath roofing
to provide additional protection for the deck.
- The internal angle formed by the intersection
of two sloping roof planes.
- Any material used to prevent the passage
of water vapor
- Any outlet for air that protrudes through
the roof deck such as a pipe or stack. Any device installed
on the roof, gable or soffit for the purpose of ventilating
the underside of the roof deck.
- See collar.
- Method of valley construction in which
shingles from both sides of the valley extend across
the valley and are woven together by overlapping alternate
courses as they are applied. The valley flashing is not
exposed.
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Service has selected a number of quality roofing systems
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